Unit+6+-+Learning

__This activity provides a review of Pavlov’s famous experiment on the salivary response in dogs, as well as the basic processes of classical conditioning: acquisition, generalization, discrimination training, and extinction. __
 * PsychSim 5: CLASSICAL CONDITIONING **
 * Name: _ **
 * Section: **
 * Date: **

__**Salivary Response **__ __  In Pavlov’s famous experiment, what did he call the… __ __o unconditioned stimulus (UCS)? __meat powder o unconditioned response (UCR)? __increase flow of saliva___ o conditioned stimulus (CS)? ___the bell__ __o conditioned response (CR)? ____the saliva___

 Pavlov demonstrated that the dog had formed a conditioned association between two events. What were those events? What did the dog actually learn? >> the first event was presenting food to a dog after ringing a bell to observe if it salvated. The second was ringing a bell and presenting no food to see if the dog salvated. The dog learned that once a bell is rung, food should be expected to follow.
 * A New Salivary Response **

 In the example of a child who fears doctors, what label would you give to the painful injection? __*__ UCS _ UCR _ CS CR  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">In the example of a child who fears doctors, what label would you give to the presence of the <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">doctor? <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">_ UCS UCR __*__ CS _ CR
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Acquisition **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">How could we demonstrate that acquisition had occurred—that is,
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Demonstrating Acquisition **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">>> **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What is extinction?  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What is spontaneous recovery?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Extinction **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What is generalization?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Generalization **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What is discrimination?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Discrimination **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What is the CR in this example? _  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What is the CS in this example?  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What is the UCS in this example? _  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What is the UCR in this example?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Conditioning an Eye Blink **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">Why are we interested only in the blinks that occur before the puff of air?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Experiment Simulation **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">How would you interpret these graphs? Did your subject show evidence of stimulus generalization, or stimulus discrimination, or both?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Discrimination Trials **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Extinction Trials **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">How would you interpret these results? Has the conditioned response been extinguished in your subject? What would happen if we continued immediately with more trials? What would happen if we brought her back to the laboratory tomorrow for more trials?

<span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">Do Now: 12/8/11

<span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">- How could prejudice be learned through classical conditioning? Seeing your parents first-hand discriminate against a certain culture just because of the way the look or the customs they have.

<span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">This activity describes a form of learning called operant conditioning—learning from the consequences that follow our actions.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">PsychSim 5: OPERANT CONDITIONING **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Name: __________________________________________ **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Section: ________________________ **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Date: __________________________________________ **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What is the distinction between classical and operant conditioning? <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What effect does reinforcement have on behavior?  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">Give an example of positive reinforcement.  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">Give an example of negative reinforcement.  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">What effect does punishment have on behavior?  <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">Give an example of punishment.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Classical Versus Operant Conditioning **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Reinforcement and Punishment **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">If a subject comes to expect a reward after every response, what will happen if the reinforcement stops?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Continuous Versus Partial Reinforcement **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">Define the following schedules of reinforcement and give an everyday example of each: <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">o Fixed ratio <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">o Fixed interval <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">o Variable ratio <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">o Variable interval
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Schedules of Reinforcement **

 <span style="font-family: 'Times-Roman','sans-serif';">Which schedule of reinforcement is MOST resistant to extinction? Why do you think this is so?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times-Bold','sans-serif';">Simulated Experiment: Schedules of Reinforcement **